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Zyloprim (Allopurinol)
 

 

ALLOPURINOL (Generic Zyloprim ®)

Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim ®) is a hyperuricemic agent used in the treatment of many symptoms of gout, including acute attacks, tophi (collection of uric acid crystals in the tissues, especially around joints), joint destruction, and uric acid stones. Gout is a form of arthritis characterized by increased blood levels of uric acid. Allopurinol works by reducing uric acid production in the body, thus preventing crystals from forming. Allopurinol works by reducing uric acid production in the body, thus preventing crystals from forming.

Allopurinol
  Product Ships Rx Price Order
Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim) 300 MG 30 Tablets USA Free $49
Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim) 300 MG 60 Tablets USA Free $54
Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim) 300 MG 90 Tablets USA Free $59
Generic Allopurinol 100 MG 30 Tablets USA Free $44
Generic Allopurinol 100 MG 60 Tablets USA Free $49
Generic Allopurinol 100 MG 90 Tablets USA Free $54
Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 100mg 30 Tablets USA Free $54
Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 100mg 60 Tablets USA Free $64
Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 100mg 90 Tablets USA Free $74
Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 300mg 30 Tablets USA Free $69
Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 300mg 60 Tablets USA Free $89
Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 300mg 90 Tablets USA Free $129
Allopurinol x 10 300mg Global Free $4
Allopurinol x 120 300mg Global Free $48
Allopurinol x 180 300mg Global Free $72
Allopurinol x 30 300mg Global Free $12
Allopurinol x 60 300mg Global Free $24
Allopurinol x 90 300mg Global Free $36



Zyloprim ® is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.

Chemical Name : Allopurinol

 Important Note
The following information is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of your physician, pharmacist or other healthcare professional. It should not be construed to indicate that use of the drug is safe, appropriate, or effective for you. Consult your healthcare professional before using this drug.

Uses
Allopurinol is used to treat chronic gout and to keep the body from producing excessive amounts of uric acid, which could lead to or aggravate various medical problems. It is used to prevent gout attacks, not to treat them once they occur. Allopurinol is also used to manage the increased uric acid levels in the blood of people with certain cancers, such as leukemia. It is also prescribed to manage some types of kidney stones.

Allopurinol will not stop a gout attack that is already underway. However, when taken over a period of several months, this drug will begin to reduce your symptoms. It's important to keep taking it regularly, even if it seems to have no immediate effect.

The usual starting dose of Allopurinol is 100 milligrams once daily. Your doctor may increase your dose by 100 milligrams per day at 1-week intervals until desired results are attained. The average dose is 200 to 300 milligrams per day for mild gout and 400 to 600 milligrams daily for moderate to severe gout. The most Allopurinol you should take in a day is 800 milligrams.

How to take this medication
Take Allopurinol exactly as prescribed. Your doctor will probably start you on a low Allopurinol dosage, increasing it gradually each week until you reach the Allopurinol dosage that is best for you. A typical starting Zyloprim dose is one 100-milligram tablet per day. You may want to take Allopurinol immediately after a meal to minimize the risk of stomach irritation. You should avoid taking large doses of Vitamin C because of the increased possibility of kidney stone formation.

Side Effects
Side effects cannot be anticipated. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Allopurinol. A skin reaction, the most common side effect of Allopurinol, may occasionally become severe or even fatal, you should stop taking Allopurinol if you notice even the beginnings of a rash. Such a rash may be itchy or scaly or may make your skin peel off in sheets; it may be accompanied by chills and fever, aching joints, or jaundice.

You may experience acute attacks of gout more often in the early stages of Zyloprim therapy, even when normal uric acid levels have been attained. These attacks Allopurinol become shorter and less severe after several months of therapy. A kidney problem may turn a normal dose of Allopurinol into an overdose. If you have a kidney disease, or a condition such as diabetes or high blood pressure that may affect your kidneys, your doctor should prescribe Allopurinol cautiously and order periodic blood and urine tests to assess your kidney function.

Precautions
While taking Allopurinol you should drink plenty of liquids--10 to 12 glasses (8 ounces each) per day--unless otherwise prescribed by your doctor. To help prevent attacks of gout, you should also avoid beer, wine, and purine-rich foods such as anchovies, sardines, liver, kidneys, lentils, and sweetbreads.

If you have been taking Colchicine and/or an anti-inflammatory drug, such as Anaprox, Indocin, and others, to relieve your gout, your doctor will probably want you to continue taking this medication while your Allopurinol dosage is being adjusted. Later, when you have had no attacks of gout for several months, you may be able to stop taking these other medications. If you have been taking a drug that promotes the excretion of uric acid in the urine, such as Probenecid (Benemid) or Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane), to try to prevent attacks of gout, your doctor will probably want to reduce or stop your dosage of this drug while increasing your dosage of Allopurinol.

Allopurinol appears in breast milk; what effect it may have on a nursing baby is unknown. Caution is advised when Allopurinol is taken during breastfeeding.

Drug Interactions
If Allopurinol is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Allopurinol with the following: Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox, Wymox), Ampicillin (Omnipen, Principen), Azathioprine (Imuran), Blood thinners such as Coumadin, Cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Neoral), Drugs for diabetes, such as Diabinese and Orinase, Mercaptopurine (Purinethol), Probenecid (Benemid, ColBENEMID), Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane), Theophylline (Theo-Dur, Sl,-Phyllin, and others), Thiazide diuretics such as HydroDIURIL, Diuril, and others, Vitamin C.

Overdose
If overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center or emergency room immediately.The following symptoms indicate an overdose: dizziness; fainting; fast heartbeat.

Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Storage
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed.

 

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 Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) inhibition of neutrophilic alveolar response during hyperoxia
Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) is a potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor that has been administered to animals to protect tissues from oxidant injury. We hypothesized that Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) may protect against oxidant injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response. Data reveals that oxygen exposure produces a neutrophilic alveolar response that is attenuated by Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) treatment. Therefore, Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) decreases the neutrophilic alveolar response produced by a hyperoxic exposure in the rat but does not decrease lung injury as assessed by alveolar LDH and protein release.

Preserved mitochondrial function by Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) despite deteriorated hemodynamics
To investigate the pathophysiology of warm ischemia (WI) of the liver, the changes in hemodynamics and energy metabolism were studied during and after 60-min complete WI induced by total hepatic vascular exclusion (HVE) in the canine model. Electron microscopic examination revealed that Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) treatment could not prevent mitochondrial swelling. It is suggested that WI causes injury primarily to the portal sinusoidal circulation, resulting in portal congestion concomitant with high portal pressure after the release of WI.

Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) could prevent the deterioration of mitochondrial ATP metabolism, and was able to inhibit lipid peroxide production, resulting in the rapid recovery of mitochondrial redox state in spite of the fact that it produced no amelioration of hepatic hemodynamics and morphological alterations.

Gout : Treatment by lowering Uric Acid Levels
In addition to medications for acute gout attacks, other drugs can be taken over prolonged periods to lower blood uric acid levels. Lowering blood uric acid levels reduces the risk of recurrent attacks of arthritis, kidney stones, and kidney disease, and also dissolves hard tophi deposits. Medicines used to lower blood uric acid level work either by increasing the kidney excretion of uric acid, or by decreasing the body's production of uric acid from the purine in foods. These medicines are generally not started until after the inflammation from acute gouty arthritis has subsided because they can worsen the attack. If they are already being taken prior to the attack, they are continued and only adjusted after the attack has resolved. Since many patients with elevated blood uric acid levels may not develop gouty attacks or kidney stones, the decision for prolonged treatment with uric acid-lowering drugs should be individualized.

The effect of supplementing hypothermic crystalloid cardioplegia with catalase plus Zyloprim ( Allopurinol )
The effect of adding Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) and catalase to hypothermic cardioplegia for ischemic-reperfusion injury was investigated. Cardiac function after a 12 h preservation was found to be enhanced by the added combination of Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) and catalase to the cardioplegic solution, supporting its role in the prevention of free radical reperfusion injury in cardiac preservation.

 

 

 

 

 

09th February 2010